The nutritional demands of Saccharomyces during alcoholic fermentation are complex. The requirements for macronutrients (i.e., yeast assimilable nitrogen, carbohydrates, phosphate, and sulfur) and micronutrients (i.e., vitamins, minerals, and oxygen) of the yeast vary due to species/strain or fermentation conditions (e.g., temperature or initial sugar concentration). It is therefore important for a winemaker to understand the roles of key nutrients in the fermentation process to insure problem-free alcoholic fermentations. This review will discuss importance of one group of nutrients, B vitamins, during fermentation.
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