Smoke exposure of grapevines and the development of smoke-related characteristics in the resulting wines is an increasing issue for the wine industry.Wines made from grapes exposed to smoke during sensitive growth stages can exhibit smoke-related aromas and flavours.

A significant advancement to remedy this problem has been the development of online tools. This includes the Smoke Taint Risk calculator (known as STAR) which has been developed by researchers at DAFWA and The University of Western Australia (UWA).